Vitiligo is neither rare nor common skin problem. It strikes at random and often causes great distress to its victims because it affects their general appearance. Some estimates indicate that 2% of the global population across both genders suffers from vitiligo. There are no racial or genetic differences that influence or prevent the risk of contracting vitiligo. Though there is no confirmation about any age limits it has been observed that most victims developed this problem before the age of 25
We know milanocytes are not properly functioning, although some of them survive both in skin and have follows in white patches. We do not know exact cause of this problem. Many theories exist, to explain damage and loss of melanin pigment, the most popular is autoimmune theory which means our bodys own immune system is having antibodies against pigment cells.

Vitiligo is a common skin disease. The incidence of Vitiligo is one in one hundred in developed countries. Male to female ratio is same. No specific ethnic tendency is seen.

Vitiligo is a non infectious disease. So it can not be stopped as such with any therapy. Response of disease varies a lot. There are not special clinical features. Vitiligo can cause severe psychological disturbance for patients, if there is face involvement. The disease more noticeable on dark skin. The course of disease is very unpredictable some people will have static condition of disease for many years but in other people it can speared rapidly in cases, the white patches can have spontaneous repigmantation. This is very rare that Vitiligo reserves completely without any treatment.

Vitiligo is a skin condition affecting the body's production of melanin in the skin, which causes white patches of skin on the body. There is no known cure for vitiligo, but the symptoms may be treated using various methods.Another theory tells us that genes play an important role in Vitiligo. It has been noticed in people with autoimmune diseases like thyroid disease. Also in people who have family members that suffered from Vitiligo. This theory also further strengthens the autoimmune theory.

PUVA treatment (8-methoxypsoralen, 5-methoxypsoralen, trimethylpsoralen plus UVA) was often the most practical choice for treatment, especially in widespread vitiligo in patients.Patients who have small areas of vitiligo with stable activity are candidates for surgical transplants.Punch biopsy specimens from a pigmented donor site are transplanted into depigmented sites. Topical steroid therapy steroid creams may be helpful in repigmenting (returning the color to) white patches, particularly if they are applied in the initial stages of the disease. Psoralen photochemotherapy—also known as psoralen and ultraviolet this is probably the most effective treatment for vitiligo available in the United States. .Depigmentation treatment involves fading the rest of the skin on the body to match the areas that are already white. For people who have vitiligo on more than 50 percent of their bodies, depigmentation may be the best treatment option. .Immunomodulator creams such as Protopic and Elidel also cause repigmentation in some cases, when used with UVB Narrowband treatments.

The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the condition as well as patient preference, and is aimed at restoring the pigmentation. If the area is small enough, tattooing is sometimes used to add color back to the skin. Other situations may require skin grafting if the area affected is small enough.

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